What is Alexithymia?

What is Alexithymia? Some people have never heard of the term or have to use it in a sentence. Figuratively, it is a neuropsychological phenomenon also known as emotional blindness. Emotional blindness is defined as a person's inability to articulate their emotions with words or an expressive impairment. Alexithymia is not a diagnosis but rather a symptom associated with mood and personality disorders, where people have difficulty with interpersonal relations.

In evaluating moods and feelings, most people may display this behavior at least once in their lives in specific situations. Reactions and responses can vary, with the affected person having complete control, but the inability to describe their feelings accurately may lead to more conflict and turmoil. For those reasons, it is essential to encourage self-expression through words, visuals, gestures, and signs. For people described as non-verbal or with limited verbal communication, displaying this behavior is somewhat different. There is a distinct feeling for conveying their wants and needs, so they communicate with others in various ways. However, the willingness is apparent, and the enthusiasm to be heard is evident.

People who have emotional blindness display a reluctance, or may seem emotionally inept or empty, when a response is required. How can these individuals function in interpersonal relationships? How can they foster professional rapport or maintain long-term friendships? Simply put, the person needs to be open-minded and willing to try to be heard—whether to make their presence known, fulfill needs, or make things happen.

Treatment for alexithymia involves emotional development, focusing on cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and positive behavior support. In positive behavior support, social skills and writing skills are encouraged while learning appropriate self-expression and engagement. Communication is key, whether through words or symbols; however, the core should be resolution, not confusion. The goal is to be effective without judgment or interoceptive awareness without isolation. Just because alexithymia is a seldom-used term doesn’t mean it is not present in every personal, family, or professional dynamic. Nonetheless, with continuous learning and consistency, any person can overcome the challenge of emotional blindness.